Internal-combustion engine



Feb. 10, 1931. M. sHoUP INTERNAL OMBUSTION ENGINE Filed June 27, 1929 FIL-1. E'.

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Patented Feb. 10, 1931 rar Nr Frick:

LLOYD M. SHOUP, F GOSHEN, INDIANAV INTERNAL-COMBUSTON ENGINE Application led June 27,

This invention relates to internal combustion engines of the four cycle type, and especially to valve mechanism therefor.

The principal object of the invention is to provide a four-cycle gas engine with a single piston vvalve for controlling the fuel supply and exhaust in an eicient and noiseless manner. l

Another object of the invent-ion is to provide a single reciprocatory 'piston valve for a four-cycle gas engine, wherein both the fuel inlet and exhaust ports are formed in the valve, which ports are suitably timed to alternately register with fuel inlet and exhaust ports formed in the engine cylinder wall.

Still another object of my invention is to provide a piston valve of the character described which has a very limited reciprocatory movement and which is provided with a fuel chamber, inlet and outlet fuel ports for said chamber, and a longitudinal exhaust passage in said valve, whereby the fuel gas is preheated prior to its inspiration to the engine working cylinder.

Other and more specific objects of the invention are mentioned and described herein.

The preferred embodiment of my invention is illustrated in theaccompanying drawing, wherein Figure 1 is a vertical transverse sectional view of a single cylinder engine of the four cycle type having my invention applied thereto and illustrating the relation between the power piston and valve in two positions of the Figure 2 illustrates a similar view in fragment showing the piston'descending on the working stroke and the relative position of the valve; j

Figure 3 is a similar fragmental view showing the piston at the bottom of the working stroke, the open exhaust ports. and the piston about tobegin the scavenging stroke; and

V' Figure 4 is a similar fragmental view showing the piston again descendingon the fuel inspiration, or suction, strokewith the inletv passages and ports in registration to admit thefuel. Y

Similar numerals of reference indicate like 1929. Serial No.. 374,039.

may be provided to close the upper end of :s

the cylinder 1 and also the upper open end of the valve cylinder 8, the latter being arranged sidewise `of the cylinder 1. A spark plug of any suitable type may be mounted at 7 in the head 6 to ignite the fuel charge, as is well known in the art. i

The wall of the cylinder 1 adjacent the valve cylinder Sis provided with'the fuel inlet port9 and an exhaust port 10, the latter being arranged above the former, and both ports in communication withl the interior of the valve cylinder 8 adjacent the top end ofV both cylinders, and both ports under the control of the cylindrical piston valve 11 which is reciprocally arranged in cylinder 8, as here- :l

inafter described. Y Y

The valve V11 is adapted to be reciprocally actuated by suitable half-timing mechanism and which may include the half-time driving gear 12 mounted upon andy driven by the crank-shaft 4, said gearzmeshing with the' larger driven gear 13 which is mounted u-pon a shaft 14 suitably journaled in the engine frame, said shaft extending transversely of the axis of the valve cylinder 8. The shaft 14 carries an eccentric 15 rigid therewith and with which the lower endof the valve actuating connecting rod 16 is operatively connected, the upperend of said connecting rod being pivotally and operatively connected at 17 rwith the lower end of the valve 11. This valve actuating mechanism imparts .a rather Alimited half-timed reciprocatory movement to the valve llbut suliicient to alternately open and close the fuel inlet and exhaustports, as hereinafter described. For supplying the engine cylinder with fresh gas thevalve 11V is provided with the interior fuel chamber 18 and the latter is provided withV ay fuel outv let Vport 19 adjacent the top thereof and adapt- Ves' ed to register with the cylinder fuel inlet port 9, said valve chamber being provided also with a fuel inlet port 20 adjacent the valve bottom, said port 20 being adapted to register with the inlet supply port 21 formed in the wall of the valve cylinder and which may be connected with the engine. carburetor-not shown-or any suitable source of fuel supply.

rl`he numeral 22 indicates an exhaust passage extending longitudinally, preferably axially, of the valve 11 andvopenat the top end of said valve to receive the exnaust gases from cylinder port 1() attheproper time, the lower end of said exhaust passage terminatino above the bottoni of the valve 11 in a bend or lateral outlet 23 which is adapted to register with the vexhaust.port,211*formed in the valve cylinder wall, the valve fuel inlet port 20being positionedbelowthe exhaust passage port23, u

As illustrated in Fig., 1 the piston, 2-solid lines-is about to; begin its fuel compression stroke, showing ports 9. and closed by the.

side wall ofthe valve 11, in which positionv of the parts the valve part 19 is disposed slightly above the fuel inlet vport l9y and so, remains until the piston has passed the port9 in its upward movement on the compression stroke and duringwhich piston movement the valve 11 has slight reciprocatory movementon accountof.thcposition of the eccentric 15` whichy has movedfrom the solid line to the dotted line position indicated in Fig. 1. In this same Figure 1 the dotted lines of the piston 2 indicate, the topof its stroke and as said piston rides upwardly over` port 9 the valve port 19 begins ,to desc-end .to gain av p0- sition below cylinder port -9` wheret .remains during the working stroke. 0fthepower piston 2.

Continued downward movement .of the piston. 2..,on, its working, stroke causesthe `upper `end of the valvec11 touncover port 10, thereby releasing :the exhaust .gases'thnough valve passage22 and ports/23 and 24, said .ports and passages remaininginregistration, to an extent, during the upwardscavenging. stroke of the piston, upward movement ofthe valve 11 being retarded bylthe position of the eccentric 15 which has abouti reached; its lowermost limit, Fig. 3;

'As the valve 11 travels upwardagainport 10 is closed by the valve upperend,` on the piston scavenging stroke, asthe piston'reaches Yits approximate upwardy limit, the valve 11 continuing its upward*movement untilA ports 9 and vr19 are placed inregistratiomport. 19 ultimately finishing itsl movement ata point above port 9, Fig. 1. v 1 Y From'the foregoing it will-beevident that the fresh fuel gases enter valve chamber 18 through the portr21and, arefpreheated by passage 22 prior to their entry to the working cylinder through port 9.

I claim 1. In an internal combustion engine, a power cylinder, a valve cylinder adjacent thereto, a fuel inlet port for the power cylinder, an exhaust port therefor positioned above said fuel .inlet port, said exhaust port establishing communication between said power and valve cylinders adjacent the top end of the latter, and a reciprocatory-piston valve in said valve cylinder,` said valve being a hollow cylindrical element provided with an interior longitudinal exhaust passageopen at the valve top end and adapted to receive the exhaust gases from saidpower. cylinder-,exhaust port, said valve exhaust-passage. havasiaaexhaust- ,eutletfat its lower end said piston, valve being-previded also with an interior fuel chamberfhaving fuel inlet andoutletports, the latterbeing adapted to register withsaid power cylinflarv inlet port- Y 2. In an internal combustion. engiJ-'ne a power cylinder, ai valve,l cylinder adjacent` thereto,V a fuel inlet prortlfor4V thepower cylinder, an exhaust port therefor positioned above saidfuelinlet port, said exhaust portl establishing communicationtbetween said power and valve cylinders. adjacent the top end of both said cylinders, adj acentfuel inlet and exhaust ports provided. lin Ethe..0uter wall of saidI valve cylinder, :thelatter beingk above the former, ,ana a recipiocaowf ps1-.Qn sad valve Cylinder, Said VaLvebsegaahQJ-low Gylindrical element providedwithl intenior longitudinal exhaust passage permanently open at thevalvetop endend in permanent communication; witlr thevalve cylinder to. re,- ceive the exhaust gases from'Ysaidfpower-cy-lieder eXhauSt Port, Said valve exhaust Passage a havin g. an, l outlet adjacentfits lower i end adapted to be placed in communication with the exhaust portv in said valve cylinderwall, said piston valve being provided, alsowithan interior fuel chamber ,havingI fuel inlet vand outletportswhich. are adapted to register, respectively, with saidvalve cylinder fuel inlet port and. the, power cylinder fuel inlet port.

. 3. In an internal combustion engine,A a power .cylinder, a valve cylinder adjacent thereto, afuel vinlet port, for, the power cylinder, an exhaust port therefor positioned above said fuelinletport, said exhaust port establishing communication between said power and; valvecylinders adjacent the top end of both, a reciprocatory pistonvalve in said valve cylinder, said valve'being a hollow-cylindrical element provided'with an interior longitudinal exha-ustpassage which is openat its top end-to receive the exhaust gasesfromtheupper end of. the valve cylinder after thelatter has received saidgigases from the power cylinder through said power cylinder exhaust port, said val-ve exhaustpasles sage having an exhaust outlet adjacent its lower end, said pistonvalve being provided also with an interior fuel chamber having Y fuel inlet and outlet ports, the latter being which rotates at one half the speed of the engine crank-shaft, an eccentric on said shaft, and an eccentric rod operatively connecting said eccentric and piston valve.

` LLOYD M. 'SHOUR 

